Test Details: In patients with untreated or inadequately treated diabetes mellitus, large amounts of fatty acids are metabolized and abnormal amounts of ketones are excreted in the urine (ketonuria). Urine ketone test is used to detect ketonuria. Increased ketones may occur during physiological stress conditions such as fasting, starvation, pregnancy, strenuous exercise, fever, frequent vomiting, anorexia and some inborn errors of metabolism.